FILL IN THE BLANKS (O Level M1 R4 Solutions)
Ans. 4
4.1(J) To increase processor usage, multiprogramming systems are developed.
4.2(A) Line and dot matrix printers are impact printers with a printing head.
4.3(C) A magnetic tape stores data in sequential format.
4.4(K) The number of MIPS (million instructions per second) is a general measure of computing performance and, by implication, the amount of work a larger computer can do.
4.5(B) Workspace is the place where data is entered and displayed.
4.6(D) Auto Fill feature allows the user to enter repetitive data quickly
4.7(G) A shell is a piece of software that provides an interface for users. Typically, the term refers to an operating system shell which provides access to the services of a kernel.
4.8(F) Alt + Shift + X marks the index entry in MS Word.
4.9(L) Line spacing determines wvertical distance between lines.
4.10(N) Memory management is one of the most important functions of OS.
PART II (O Level Question Answer With Solutions)
Ans. 5(a)
ALU: An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital circuit that performas arithmetic and logical operations. The ALU is a fundamental building block of the entral processing unit (CPU) of a computer, and even the simplest microprocessors contain one for purposes found inside modern CPUs and graphics processing units (GPUs) have inside them very powerful and very complex ALU; a single component may contain a number of ALUs.
Most of a processor’s operations are performed by one or more ALUs. An ALU loads data from input registers, an external Control Unit then tells the ALU what operation to perform on that data, and then the ALU stores its result into an output register. Other mechanisms move data between these registers and memory.
Simple operations: Most ALUs can per-form the following operations:
Integer arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, and sometimes multiplication and division, though this is more expensive)
Bitwise logic operations (AND, NOT, OR, XOR)
Bit-shifting operations (shifting or rotationg a word by a specified number of bits to the left or right, with or without sign extension). Shifts can be interpreted as multiplications by 2 and divisions by 2.
Ans. 5(b)
Basic Input / Output System (Bios), also known as the System BIOS, is a facto standard defining a firmware, interface for IBM PC Compatible Computers.
The BIOS is boot firmware, designed to be the first code run by a PC when powered on. The initial function of the BIOS is to identify, test, and initalize system devices such as the video display card, hard disk, and floppy disk and other hardware. This is to prepare the machine into a known state, so that software stored on compatible media can be loaded, executed, and given control of the PC{3} This process is known as booting. Or booting up, which is short for bootstrapping.
BIOS programs are stored on a chip and are built to work with various devices that make up the complementary chipset of the system. They provide a small library of basic input/output functions that can be called to operate and control the peripherals such as the keyboard, next display functions and so forth. In the IBM PC and AT, certain peripheral cards such as hard-drive controllers and video display adapters carried their own BIOS extension ROM, which provided additional functionality. Operating systems and executive software, designed to supersede this basic firmware functionality, will provide replacement software interfaces to applications.
